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Mr. Philip D. Burden
P.O. Box 863,
Chalfont St. Giles, Bucks HP6 9HD,
UNITED KINGDOM
Tel: +44 (0) 1494 76 33 13
Email: enquiries@caburden.com
An EXCEEDINGLY RARE PAMPHLET CONTAINING THE FIRST MAP OF MARYLAND, the so-called Lord Baltimore map. It accompanies the fourth tract on the founding of Maryland by Cecil Calvert, the second Lord Baltimore, and the exploration of the Potomac River up to the present-day site of Washington. The publication also contained details of the country, the text of the charter granted by the King, and the various requirements for intending settlers.
The first Lord Baltimore, George Calvert, originally intended a new life in Newfoundland, but one winter there, persuaded him of the desire to settle further south. In August 1629 he wrote to King Charles I applying for a grant of land in Virginia. Originally offering land to the south of Virginia, the king changed it to the north to help restrict the Dutch colonies in the New Netherlands. He requested that the colony shall ‘be called Mariland or the province of Mariland in memory and honour of the Queene’. Unfortunately, Calvert did not live to see its fruition. Dying on 15 April 1632, he was succeeded by his son Cecil. On 22 November 1633 the Ark and the Dove left the Isle of Wight. They sailed without Calvert, who remained behind to fend off the many challenges he faced to the enterprise. The expedition was led by his two brothers, Leonard and Philip. Reaching Barbados seven weeks later, they took their time travelling north, landing at S.Clement Ile. on the Potomac River, 25 March 1634. The colony would become a haven for English Catholics.
Promotional work continued in England with the first edition of A Relation …, published in 1634. This contained the first printing of the Charter. A description of the country is included along with inducements to land and samples of bills of lading and an indenture. It relates that ‘in the upper parts of the Countrey, there are Bufaloes, Elkes, Lions, Beares, Wolves, and Deare there are great store, in all places that are not too much frequented, as also Beavers, Foxes, Otters, and many other sorts of Beasts’.
The second edition of 1635 contained this map. Papenfuse and Coale speculated that it may have been prepared by Jerome Hawley and John Lewger, who were part of the first expedition and compiled the book. The map is of great significance in the later border disputes with Pennsylvania. It would be used as evidence against Maryland by the Penn family because here the 40th parallel was depicted too far south. This dispute ran for a considerable period of time and was only settled by the Mason-Dixon line in the 1760s.
Drawn largely from John Smith’s Virginia, 1612, and possibly supplemented by Cyprian Thorowgood’s minor explorations, the map’s main area of improvement is in the depiction of the Potomac River. The royal arms dominate the upper right portion of the map, and below are those of the Calvert family. Many examples of the book lack the map and there is only one close derivative, that being by John Ogilby in 1671. The 40th parallel is then placed further to the north.
A survey reveals that the only known example of the pamphlet at auction in the last 50 years was the Streeter copy in 1967. This survey also revealed 20 examples of which only 12 bore the map as here. Ours is the only example traced still in its original boards. Baer (1949) no. 22; Church (1907) no. 432; Mathews (1898) pp. 360-3; Morrison (1983) no. 12; Papenfuse and Coale (1982) pp. 5-9; The Portolan (1985) No. 4 pp. 7-11 & (2007) issue 69 p. 46; Sabin (1868) no. 45314.
The first Lord Baltimore, George Calvert, originally intended a new life in Newfoundland, but one winter there, persuaded him of the desire to settle further south. In August 1629 he wrote to King Charles I applying for a grant of land in Virginia. Originally offering land to the south of Virginia, the king changed it to the north to help restrict the Dutch colonies in the New Netherlands. He requested that the colony shall ‘be called Mariland or the province of Mariland in memory and honour of the Queene’. Unfortunately, Calvert did not live to see its fruition. Dying on 15 April 1632, he was succeeded by his son Cecil. On 22 November 1633 the Ark and the Dove left the Isle of Wight. They sailed without Calvert, who remained behind to fend off the many challenges he faced to the enterprise. The expedition was led by his two brothers, Leonard and Philip. Reaching Barbados seven weeks later, they took their time travelling north, landing at S.Clement Ile. on the Potomac River, 25 March 1634. The colony would become a haven for English Catholics.
Promotional work continued in England with the first edition of A Relation …, published in 1634. This contained the first printing of the Charter. A description of the country is included along with inducements to land and samples of bills of lading and an indenture. It relates that ‘in the upper parts of the Countrey, there are Bufaloes, Elkes, Lions, Beares, Wolves, and Deare there are great store, in all places that are not too much frequented, as also Beavers, Foxes, Otters, and many other sorts of Beasts’.
The second edition of 1635 contained this map. Papenfuse and Coale speculated that it may have been prepared by Jerome Hawley and John Lewger, who were part of the first expedition and compiled the book. The map is of great significance in the later border disputes with Pennsylvania. It would be used as evidence against Maryland by the Penn family because here the 40th parallel was depicted too far south. This dispute ran for a considerable period of time and was only settled by the Mason-Dixon line in the 1760s.
Drawn largely from John Smith’s Virginia, 1612, and possibly supplemented by Cyprian Thorowgood’s minor explorations, the map’s main area of improvement is in the depiction of the Potomac River. The royal arms dominate the upper right portion of the map, and below are those of the Calvert family. Many examples of the book lack the map and there is only one close derivative, that being by John Ogilby in 1671. The 40th parallel is then placed further to the north.
A survey reveals that the only known example of the pamphlet at auction in the last 50 years was the Streeter copy in 1967. This survey also revealed 20 examples of which only 12 bore the map as here. Ours is the only example traced still in its original boards. Baer (1949) no. 22; Church (1907) no. 432; Mathews (1898) pp. 360-3; Morrison (1983) no. 12; Papenfuse and Coale (1982) pp. 5-9; The Portolan (1985) No. 4 pp. 7-11 & (2007) issue 69 p. 46; Sabin (1868) no. 45314.
BALTIMORE, Lord
A Relation of Maryland
London, 1635
Small quarto, later wrappers, 44 leaves, a few contemporary annotations and signature on verso of final leaf, lower corner of the title neatly repaired, some others strengthened with tissue, with a large folding map with uncut edges, one or two small holes in the folds.
Stock number: 8403
SOLD